It was made co- capital of Connecticut in 1701, a status it retained until 1873. Some members of the New Haven Colony seeking to establish a new theocracy elsewhere went on to establish Newark, New Jersey. In 1664 New Haven became part of the Connecticut Colony when the two colonies were merged under political pressure from England. Second meeting house on the New Haven Green, as it stood from 1670 to 1757 Later a third judge, John Dixwell, joined the others.Īs part of the Connecticut Colony Davenport arranged for them to hide in the West Rock hills northwest of the town. Two of them, Colonel Edward Whalley and Colonel William Goffe, fled to New Haven for refuge. In 1661, the Regicides who had signed the death warrant of Charles I of England were pursued by Charles II. In 1660, Colony founder John Davenport's wishes were fulfilled, and Hopkins School was founded in New Haven with money from the estate of Edward Hopkins.
It never reached its destination, and its disappearance stymied New Haven's development versus the rising trade powers of Boston and New Amsterdam. Reflecting its theocratic roots, the New Haven Colony forbid the establishment of other churches, whereas the Connecticut Colony permitted them.Įconomic disaster struck Newhaven in 1646, when the town sent its first fully loaded ship of local goods (the "Great Shippe") back to England. (However, the area to the north remained Quinnipiac until 1678, when it was renamed Hamden.) The settlement became the headquarters of the New Haven Colony, distinct from the Connecticut Colony previously established to the north centering on Hartford. House of New Haven Founder Theophilus Eaton as it stood at Orange and Elm streets in the 17th Centuryīy 1640, "Quinnipiac's" theocratic government and nine-square grid plan were in place, and the town was renamed Newhaven, with ' haven' meaning harbor or port. Dutch traders set up a small trading system of beaver pelts with the local inhabitants, but trade was sporadic and the Dutch did not settle permanently in the area. The area was briefly visited by Dutch explorer Adriaen Block in 1614. History Pre-colonial foundation as an independent colony īefore Europeans arrived, the New Haven area was the home of the Quinnipiac tribe of Native Americans, who lived in villages around the harbor and subsisted off local fisheries and the farming of maize. 1.4 Post-industrial era and urban redevelopment.1.3 Post-colonial period and industrialization.1.1 Pre-colonial foundation as an independent colony.New Haven had the first public tree planting program in America, producing a canopy of mature trees (including some large elms) that gave the city the nickname "The Elm City". New Haven has since billed itself as the "Cultural Capital of Connecticut" for its supply of established theaters, museums, and music venues.
The city served as co-capital of Connecticut from 1701 until 1873, when sole governance was transferred to the more centrally located city of Hartford. Health care (hospitals and biotechnology), professional services (legal, architectural, marketing, and engineering), financial services, and retail trade also contribute to the city's economic activity. As New Haven's biggest taxpayer and employer, Yale serves as an integral part of the city's economy. New Haven is the home of Yale University. The Green is now a National Historic Landmark, and the "Nine Square Plan" is recognized by the American Planning Association as a National Planning Landmark. The central common block is the New Haven Green, a 16-acre (6 ha) square at the center of Downtown New Haven. A year after its founding by English Puritans in 1638, eight streets were laid out in a four-by-four grid, creating what is commonly known as the "Nine Square Plan". New Haven was one of the first planned cities in America. New Haven is the principal municipality of Greater New Haven, which had a total population of 864,835 as of 2020. With a population of 134,023 as determined by the 2020 United States Census, New Haven is now the third-largest city in Connecticut after Bridgeport and Stamford. It is located on New Haven Harbor on the northern shore of Long Island Sound in New Haven County, Connecticut, and is part of the New York City metropolitan area.
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